Which process involves reducing the concentration of a hazardous material by mixing it with another substance?

• A. Dilution
• B. Dispersion
• C. Solidification
• D. Neutralization

Answer: (A)

The process of reducing the concentration of a hazardous material by mixing it with another substance is known as dilution. This method makes a hazardous material less concentrated by adding a substance, typically water or another solvent, which decreases the potential risk associated with the hazardous material.

Dilution is commonly used in situations where controlling the concentration of a hazardous waste is necessary to meet safety standards or to prepare it for further treatment or disposal. By reducing the concentration, the potential hazards, such as toxicity or reactivity, are also lowered, making it safer to handle or dispose of.

In contrast, dispersion involves distributing the hazardous material over a larger area, which does not necessarily decrease its concentration but rather spreads it out. Solidification refers to turning a liquid hazardous waste into a solid form, which can be effective for containment but does not reduce the concentration in the same manner. Neutralization is a chemical process that involves reacting a hazardous material with another substance to neutralize its effects, which is different from mere dilution.